Coffee known as a multifaceted beverage has long been celebrated for its energizing properties and rich flavor which bring both joy and potential challenges. By understanding the potential side effects of coffee, including addiction, anxiety, and insomnia, you can make informed decisions about your consumption and take steps to mitigate any negative impacts. Here are the common side effects of caffeine
It can be addictive
Caffeine, the primary active ingredient in coffee, is a psychoactive substance that can lead to addiction. When consumed regularly, the body becomes dependent on the stimulant effects of caffeine, leading to withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability when consumption is reduced or stopped. According to a study published in the Journal of Caffeine Research, up to 50% of coffee drinkers may experience some level of caffeine dependence or addiction. The study mentioned that healthcare professionals recognize caffeine dependence as a clinical disorder.
It can lead to anxiety and Jittery
The stimulant properties of coffee can also contribute to increased feelings of anxiety and nervousness. Caffeine triggers the release of adrenaline, which can heighten the body’s stress response and lead to a range of unpleasant symptoms, including a racing heart, sweating, and difficulty concentrating. A 2024 research has shown that even moderate coffee consumption can exacerbate anxiety in individuals predisposed to the condition.
May cause insomnia
One of the most well-known side effects of coffee is its impact on sleep. Caffeine is a potent stimulant that can disrupt the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle, making it harder to fall asleep and stay asleep. Studies have found that consuming coffee, even several hours before bedtime can significantly reduce sleep quality and duration.
While the potential side effects of coffee may seem daunting, it’s important to note that not everyone will experience these issues. Individual responses to caffeine can vary greatly, and factors such as genetics, age, and overall health can all play a role. The key is to find the right balance and to be mindful of your body’s reactions to coffee consumption.
Heartburn/Acid Reflux
The evidence on whether coffee can cause or worsen heartburn and acid reflux is mixed.
Some studies have found that coffee consumption is a risk factor for developing heartburn and acid reflux and can exacerbate reflux symptoms. The caffeine in coffee may relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to reflux back into the esophagus. Certain compounds in coffee may also increase stomach acid production.
However, other studies have not found a clear link between coffee intake and heartburn and acid reflux. The effects seem to vary between individuals. Some research suggests that the type of coffee (regular vs decaf) and additives like milk/sugar may also play a role. The overall scientific consensus is that the relationship between coffee and heartburn and acid reflux is inconclusive and more research is needed.
Symptoms include:
- Heartburn
- Regurgitation
- Nausea
- Bloating
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Hoarseness, chronic cough, or sore throat
- Wheezing or asthma symptoms
- Chest pain (that may be mistaken for a heart attack)
- Bad breath
- Erosion of tooth enamel
- Difficulty sleeping (due to symptoms at night)
“Your symptoms will probably be worse after eating when lying down and when bending over,” NHS revealed.
Most people occasionally experience heartburn, but if it persists, coffee may exacerbate the condition. Caffeine is called “highly acidic and irritating to the gastrointestinal tract” by the AARP. If, after consuming the brew, you experience upset stomach pain, even going to decaf won’t help.
If you have heartburn and acid reflux and find that coffee triggers or worsens your symptoms, it may be best to limit or avoid coffee consumption. Keeping a food diary to identify your personal triggers can help determine if coffee is a problem for you. Other lifestyle changes like weight loss, elevating the head of your bed, and avoiding large/late meals may also help manage heartburn and acid reflux.
